Quarterly Estimated Tax Calculator
Calculate how much to pay each quarter in 2025 to avoid IRS underpayment penalties. Uses both the current-year and safe harbor methods.
W-2 withholding counts toward your tax payments
From your 2024 Form 1040, Line 24. Enables safe harbor calculation.
Enter your projected income to see results
Your quarterly payment schedule will appear here.
What Are Quarterly Estimated Taxes?
Quarterly estimated taxes are how self-employed workers pay their income tax and self-employment tax throughout the year. Since no employer withholds taxes from your 1099 income, the IRS expects you to make payments four times a year using Form 1040-ES.
You generally need to make estimated payments if you expect to owe $1,000 or more in tax when you file your return. Missing these payments (or underpaying) can result in an underpayment penalty calculated using the federal short-term interest rate plus 3%.
Two Ways to Avoid the Penalty
Current-Year Method
Pay at least 90% of your current year's total tax liability through quarterly payments and withholding. Best if your income is lower this year than last year.
Safe Harbor Method
Pay 100% of last year's total tax (110% if your AGI exceeded $150,000). This guarantees no penalty regardless of how much you earn this year.
Disclaimer
This calculator provides estimates based on 2025 IRS tax rates (Rev. Proc. 2024-40, OBBB P.L. 119-21). It does not account for state taxes, credits, or annualized income installment method. Consult a qualified tax professional for your specific situation.